Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck Essay - 1040 Words

Everyone’s felt like an outsider at some point in their lives. Because they are different in one way or another. That is why John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men is an easy story to empathize with. It tells the story of two men, George Milton and Lennie Small. Having found work on a ranch, they form friendships with other men there, try to keep out of trouble until they receive their pay at the end of the month and work towards bringing their dream of owning and working their own piece of land into reality. Several characters including Candy, Lennie, Crooks and Curley’s wife are the outcasts of this story. Which in turn also makes them the most relatable. Steinbeck,through the story of Crooks and Curley’s wife,explains the relationship between†¦show more content†¦He’s created this image of himself as barely better than dust and that prevents him from showing how intelligent,cultured and opinionated he really is. Likewise, Crooks denies any indication that he’s worth more than a black stable hand because he believes he is foolish to want anything more than what he has. He creates a bubble with himself, Candy and Lennie inside. He even offers â€Å"if you guys want a hand to work for nothing,just his keep,why I’d come an’ lend a hand† (Steinbeck 76). He lets himself believe maybe he could be included in the dream as well. But when Curley’s wife threatens him after he demands she leave his room, he is ‘put back in his place’. Then, after Curley’s wife leaves, the bubble pops and Crooks corrects himself with Lennie and Candy when he says â€Å"Well jus’ forget it. I didn’ mean it. Just foolin’. I wouldn’ want no place like that† (Steinbeck 83). So even if he thought he could be part of the dream, he refuses it because he thinks he doesn’t deserve to be listened to or respected enough for someone el se to let him join them. Meanwhile, Curley’s wife is the loneliest character in the story because no matter how much attention she finds she will never truly not be lonely. Being the only woman on the ranch makes her an outcast from the start. On top of that, Curley is very possessive of her and prohibits her from speakingShow MoreRelatedOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck973 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: I. Background A. John Steinbeck was born on February 27th, 1902 in Salinas, California. 1. Salinas River was one of the few centers for shipping, farming, and agriculture a. John Steinbeck worked as an employed laborer, digging canals and working beside men similar to characters in his novels. 2. In a discussion John Steinbeck said, I worked in the same country that the story is laid in. The characters are composites to a certain extent. Lennie was a real person. Hes in an insaneRead MoreOf Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck842 Words   |  4 Pages it was not uncommon to become morosely secluded while working. Men would go far away from their families in search of any jobs they could get, with only themselves to confide in; colleagues only filling in the void of friends and family partially. Naturally, John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men, written during this period, would reflect this fact as a major aspect of the story. Loneliness would become the sinew of Of Mice and Men, manifested in some of the story’s main characters: Candy, CrooksRead MoreOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck1358 Words   |  6 Pagesthis expression to stress the fact that there are and will be difficulties in life. John Steinbeck, in his novella Of Mice and Men, does not fall short of the same views. It takes place in the year 1937, a period associated with the Great Depression, and illustrates the hardships of the time, and more so those that laborers such as George and Lennie experience. Life proves to be full of disappointments for both men who are victims of harsh circumstances in more ways than one. The two have a dreamRead MoreThe And Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1549 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will be exploring the role of women in the texts ‘DNA’ by Dennis Kelly and ‘Of Mice and Men’ by John Steinbeck. Both texts are quite dissimilar for the most part, with ‘DNA’ being a contemporary play, dealing with problems faced by modern youth groups and ‘Of Mice and Men’ being a classic novella. Set in the 1930’s, the novella tells a story of two migrant workers who flee to Salinas, California, for work. In spite of this, both explore the presentation of female characters similarlyRead MoreOf Mi ce And Men By John Steinbeck894 Words   |  4 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay John Steinbeck once said, â€Å"A journey is a person in itself; no two are alike. And all plans, safeguards, policing, and coercion are fruitless. We find that after years of struggle that we do not take a trip; a trip takes us†. In his novella, Of Mice and Men, two men go on an unexpected journey in search for their dream of happiness. There are many themes that come from their journey such as, the gilded American dream, the bond of male friendships, the power of women and femininityRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1433 Words   |  6 PagesI am writing a literary essay on the novella, Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck. I will be responding to the question describe an important character and explain how the character helped you understand an important message. In the novella, Of Mice and Men, written by John Steinbeck, two characters, Crooks and Curley’s wife, help me understand the message ‘Discrimination isolates people’. The book takes place in Soledad, California, mid 1930’s, during the Great Depression, at a time when discriminationRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1747 Words   |  7 Pages Of Mice and Men is a tragedy And The Pearl is a parable. Author s Name John Steinbeck -Title of Work #1: Of Mice and Men -Genre: Tragedy -Evidence of Genre (explain what makes the work an example of the genre): Tragedy is a branch of literature that uses a serious and dignified style the sad or unfortunate events encountered or caused by a heroic individual. In Of Mice and Men George and Lennie face a lot of tragic events. -Complete Summary of Work: Of Mice and Men is theRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1354 Words   |  6 PagesThe novel ‘Of Mice and Men’, written by John Steinbeck, is set near the Salinas River in California, America during the Great Depression between 1930-1939. The Great Depression was a distressing time in the history of America as the unemployment rate was high which in turn led to poverty and hunger. During this time, many struggled to find work and this steered them to travel long distances, often without having anyone to talk to. Dreams were crafted by this travelling workforce and were somethingRead MoreMice Of Men By John Steinbeck785 Words   |  4 Pages It was an hopeless time period. For George in steinbeck s book mice of men by John Steinbeck,it was the great depression.This was a time period of a deep and dark economic downturn that affected the whole country. While the story focuses on George and Lennie s struggles through this hopeless time.They were best buds that got along great. They went to farm to farm as migrant works to get there pay. George had to take care of Lennie throughout the book and pick up the pieces, but lennie was a kindRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1400 Words   |  6 PagesOf Mice and Men, it is not just a band! Of Mice and Men was originally a short novel written by John Steinbeck in the 1930s. Regardless of the shortness in length, though, it is a rather deep and emotional book with quite a few messages behind the fictional storyline. These messages, however, cannot be discovered right off the bat. To genuinely absorb the messages Steinbeck teaches and actually understand the meaning behind them, one must read the book in its entirety. Steinbeck educates readers

Monday, December 23, 2019

The Milling Machine And Drilling - 888 Words

In order to use the milling machine to manufacture a 2 in base by  ½ in height by  ¾ in depth piece, we needed to be very precise and meticulous whit our dimensions. The process required measuring the piece in every procedure. From the beginning, when we cut our piece from the steel bar using the Band Saw machine. In the end when we drilled four different sizes of holes in the piece using two different techniques; drilling using the milling machine and drilling by hand. Before we started machining, we were instructed in how to perform measurements using calipers and micrometers, but we mainly use micrometers during the procedure. Then, after a clear explanation of the procedure, measurements and machine uses we performed our first cut using the Band Saw by cutting a small piece from it. The edges of the steel piece weren’t smooth so we machine it using the Milling machine, just one side. In order to get the requirement dimensions we set the machine in Low speed because it is better for rough cuts, high speed for small cuts. The initial height was .680 in so two rough cuts were performed one of .100 in and a second of .060 in both around 80 MPH. A third cut was necessary to get the proper height, which was only .020 in; it was a simple cut so it was necessary a high speed that was around 200. After this, the height was finally  ½ in. Now, we needed to get the correct width. It was required to be .750 in. The piece was .958 in, so it was necessary to machine .208. First,Show MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Beck s Efforts847 Words   |  4 PagesThe assignment on this week is to calculate the capacity of each machine center and the capacity of the system. I will analyze where the focus of the Beck’s efforts should be if Beck wants to expand capacity. There will then be a determination of how much extra capacity they can get without causing another operation to become the bottleneck. I will then make suggestions of ways that Beck can expand capacity without purchasing new equipment. The focus for this week is to review capacity. In reviewingRead MoreBeck Manufacturing Plant Capacity1369 Words   |  6 Pagesindustry. Nevertheless, we also need to know how the manufacturing process is being done, thus allowing us to answer and identify our case study questions. Thus, first, we must calculate both the capacity of the system, along with the capacity of each machine. Second, identify any alternative measures where, Beck can expand his capacity initiatives, in order to gain a positive capacity gain, without causing another bottleneck incident in the operations side. Third, establishing a strategy where Mr. BeckRead MoreBeck Manufacturing Company Capacity And Proficiency1124 Words   |  5 PagesBeck Manufacturing Company Capacity and Proficiency The Beck Manufacturing Company currently has five operational work stations, in which they produce steering gears for many auto manufacturers. Operation work stations in place are for milling, grinding, boring, drilling and assembly of parts. Within those operational departments the company must determine the organization capacity inputs and outputs to satisfy their customer demands. Capacity is a corporation’s ability to deliver consumers goods, productsRead MoreHow Milling Is Metal Removal Process1249 Words   |  5 Pages1 Introduction Milling is metal removal process distinguished from drilling and other machining operation. It is used in most high productive manufacturing industries, where quality is essential for parts. In milling operation, Metal removal takes place due to the cutting action of a revolving milling cutter, when work piece is fed on it. But for producing quality side surface of parts, end milling operation carried out. Drill bit can cut in axial order only, while a milling bit can generallyRead MoreEngineering Design And Manufacture By Looking At Traditional Manufacturing Processes And Non Contact Processes1558 Words   |  7 Pagesthen I shall compare and contrast the methods and come to a carefully considered conclusion. 3.0 - Task 1 Machining I have chosen simple machining as my process to create the body of the lathe carrier. Specifically the machine processes that can make the body quite easily is milling. A miller works on the basis that the cutting tool itself rotates and the work piece is static, which is basically the opposite of how a lathe works which turns the work piece not the cutting tool. CNC (computer numericalRead MoreRole Of Milling Machine As Good Quality Of Machine Surface Improve The Fatigue And Creep1220 Words   |  5 Pages CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUNG Technologies involved in machining operations have advanced greatly in the recent decades and machines have experienced significant changes such as the incorporation of numerical control. Every year it is possible to observe in fairs, conferences and of course in the market economy, how production capabilities have increased thanks to the development of new concepts, devices, materials, tools, coatings, structures, etc. Accuracy, flexibilityRead MoreUtilization Of Fiber Reinforced Composites1601 Words   |  7 Pagespresent work aims at identify influenced optimum milling process parameters required to achieve the good surface quality along the machined surface with minimum damage. Consequently the work indeed the comparison discussions on the machined surface generated with different tool signatures of two fluted specially designed carbide tipped mill tool and four fluted solid carbide mill tool. In this regard the experimentations were conducted with varied milling process parame ters and the results were thoroughlyRead MoreSupply Chain Management and Lean Production Through-Out the World1974 Words   |  8 Pagesthe manufacturing process, while GM has lathes located in the lathe area, milling machines in the milling area Toyota places a lathe, milling machine and a drilling machine in the actual sequence of the manufacturing process. This means that instead of having one worker per machine, one worker oversees many machines or processes. GM, however, has a group of workers skilled only in lathe operation, a group skilled only in milling. The GM plant layout will have 50 or more lathes in one location. WhenRead MoreCase Study : Beck Manufacturing And Plant Capacity1209 Words   |  5 PagesCalculations of the Machine Center Capacity and the Capacity of the System Beck Manufacturing is a company that produces steering gears for automobile manufacturers. The calculations used to find the machine center capacity is the number of machines times the rune time per machine. The reject rate is deducted from that total and the result is the machine center capacity. If there are five (5) machines and each product milled is two (2) minutes with a reject rate of three (3) minutes, the machine center capacityRead MoreFabritek - Case3686 Words   |  15 PagesFor the exclusive use of J. de Preux, 2015. 9-698-014 REV: FEBRUARY 27, 2009 JAN HAMMOND Fabritek, 1992 One afternoon in March 1992, Frank Deere, milling department foreman of the Fabritek Corporation, was approached by Stuart Baker, Fabriteks automotive products manager: Hi, Frank. I hope that you’ve got good news for me about this weeks Pilgrim order. I dont think that my nerves can take a repeat of last week. Fabritek Corporation was organized in 1958; in its early years it

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Theory Of Evolution Free Essays

I have always believed that it can take one person to get the ball rolling, but it takes a group to make an impact. Therefore, the concept of evolution via natural selection was a group effort. Darwin didn’t work on scientific evolution alone. We will write a custom essay sample on Theory Of Evolution or any similar topic only for you Order Now Within, the seven years Darwin was thinking and analyzing about his theory, others were working on it themselves. Darwin is certainly the father of evolution, but our current understanding of evolution [DNA, natural selection, genetics, etc. ] has evolved through the scientific understanding of others. As with natural evolution, our understanding of hereditary transfer/natural selection has also evolved as well. Theories have been introduced since Darwin that have been proven both true and false [scientific natural selection]. However, would it have been proposed to the world if not for Wallace? No theory can be proven true, unless somebody else takes the report and repeats the research and comes up with same result. Wallace was a deep thinker, as was Darwin, so it’s no shock that they both concluded the same theory of evolution. Although, should Wallace have not assured Darwin of his theory we might have never known of a thing called evolution? Evolution was just the starting point for many new theories soon to be thought of. From evolution there arose natural selection. Together again, Darwin and Wallace created this theory. In order to verify their theory of natural selection, they had to dispute with Lemarck about variation. They both borrowed information from each other to better understand what they were trying to propose. Darwin new that, † variation already existed, however he was unsure where this variation came from† [Park 1998:33]. But by seeing what Lemarck had already concluded Darwin could continue on with his theory with knowledge from another source. In order to be valued, two parties must verify the results. In the process of re-examining a study, new knowledge is gained, theory is formed, and principals evolve. Darwin was the starting point for many new theories, before he passed away. After Darwin was gone, there came Mendall, who showed us the unit of heredity and modern syntheses. Mendall thought of theories far beyond Darwin, but to gain this knowledge he had to start with what Darwin had already concluded. In order to have theories evolve you need more than one mind. Knowledge of genetics and DNA has grown massively over the years, partly in response to technology. Of course, the basis of our knowledge came from Darwin, Wallace, Lemarck, and Mendall, but to capitalize on these theories we use our technology sources today. We are now capable of manipulating genes to possible altar evolution. When Darwin, Wallace, Lemarck, and Mendall were around they didn’t posses the technology we have today. Since, technology we have been able to discover many new theories, as mentioned above. Many people in this world start theories or discoveries, but in order to better understand them or draw a conclusion, you need more input from others. By giving or taking input other than your own you’re able to see other people’s nature of science. Take cars, for instance, the first car did not have a hood, nor could it even go over twenty-five miles per hour. Henry Ford knew he created something that could forever change the world, but it was also just a starting point. Fords basic idea of transportation has been built on for years. Cars these days are completely different. They are finer, more reliable, and they have hoods! However, in order for cars to evolve to the way they are today, we needed input or suggestions from others. Sometimes the best ideas are by those who just sit back and observe. It is like learning how to ride a bike. You can sit and watch someone get up on his or her bike and fall, knowing that if they would have just kept their balance evenly distributed they would have not fallen. So knowing the information, when you get up on your bike you remember to keep your weight balanced, subsequently you do not fall. Scientific discovery is the social process. Had Darwin acted on it alone, our understanding of evolution would be far less. However, our current concept is far more comprehensive, this is entirely due to the contribution of several minds over an extended period of time. How to cite Theory Of Evolution, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

The Art of Conversation in English-Free-Samples Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Art of Conversation in English. Answer: Introduction The language English is the only language in the whole world that is considered to be the most prestigious and authoritative among all the global languages. Millions of people in the world aspire to learn English to enrich their higher education opportunities, to become professionally acclaimed and to travel profusely. The dominance of the once great British Empire can be cited as a major factor in the pervasive popularization of English. It was once famously said that the sun never sets in the British Empire, which was very much true during the previous centuries (Algeo Butcher, 2013).Gradually, with time, the influence of the British Empire started to falter and ultimately it had to relinquish power to all its former colonies. The British lost everything sans the popularity of English. English never lost the power and charisma and with over time, it strengthened its position more firmly and assertively (Crystal, 2015). The language English possesses certain peculiarities such as i t is the only language to not to have a recognized supervisory academy, the inventors of English that is the English elitist did not know to speak English for over a century, the interesting differences between the British version of English and the American version of English and many others. All the above factors make the study of English language more appealing and interesting (Pennycook, 2017). All over the world, English is the primary foreign language taught in schools, colleges and universities, alike. This report outlines the fact to construct a report depicting the differences in the spoken version of English of two speakers. Background Information This mini research project is about a recorded dialogue conversation between the famous Bollywood actress Priyanka Chopra and the equally famous television entertainer and producer Jimmy Kimmel. Priyanka Chopra is popularly regarded as a consistent performer in the Bollywood movie genre. She has also been bestowed with the prestigious crown of the Miss World in the year 2000, held at the venue of Millennium Dome in the city of London in Great Britain (Roberts, 2014). According to the producers, she has the record to deliver numerous super hit blockbusters, on an annual basis. Priyanka Chopra has also extended her brilliant filmography to movies made in Hollywood. She has been working diligently on the foreign soils, especially in the United States of America, to make her cinematic presence stronger and vivid. Priyanka Chopra is also on the way of earning accolades in her singing career in the genre of English pop music. Indeed, it can be said that Priyanka Chopra is a lady of remarkable caliber who possesses the ability to entertain us stupendously in the many coming years (Bennington, 2013). At present in the 21st century in the American sector of entertainment, Jimmy Kimmel is pervasively considered to be the most bankable television entertainer. His superb creation- Jimmy Kimmel Live is reported to be the most viewed television gossip show in America. The famous Jimmy Kimmel show has won many illustrious awards including the celebrated Oscar and the Primetime Emmy trophy (Double, 2013). The career graph of Jimmy Kimmel has extended over vast forms of media comprising film, radio and television. Jimmy Kimmel has also taken the endeavor to act in movies to display his superb acting skills. Jimmy Kimmel frequently cites the two esteemed media moguls Howard Stern and David Letterman as his most profound influences in light entertainment (Krasner, 2013). The context of the recorded conversation between Priyanka Chopra and David Letterman is about the experiences of the former in her journey from Bollywood to Hollywood in particular and from an oriental society to an occidental society in general. In the video, Jimmy Kimmel asks Priyanka Chopra to shed light on her life, profession and any interesting encounters she has faced in America (Varia, 2012). Subsequently, Priyanka Chopra verbally expresses to Jimmy Kimmel about her experiences in America, such as the amateurish perceptions of Americans about India, her brief migration to America from her homeland at the tender age of twelve under the supervision of her maternal aunt. She also informs the audience about her struggle in adapting to the American high school life and her fervent idolization of the awarded rappers-Tupac Shakur and Dennis Rodman (Jackson II Richardson, 2014). During the phase of her school life, she adored the unique style of attire and expression of Tupac Shakur and Dennis Rodman. In addition to this, she also entertains the audience and the host with her new role in the upcoming American crime show-Quantico (Pafford Matusitz, 2017). She tells about her character role and the story line of Quantico and she also states that how she remarkably manages her transition between the two cultures by travelling frequently to India on weekends. Here, Jimmy Kimmel is the host and Priyanka Chopra is the guest. Priyanka Chopra is an Indian born non-native speaker of English. On the other hand, Jimmy Kimmel is an American born native speaker of English. Jimmy Kimmel and Priyanka Chopra differ in their upbringing style, socio-cultural norms as well as in their communication mode and style (Biber Conrad 2014). Hence, it can be said that this recorded conversation is a brilliant analytic piece that would offer interesting variations in the articulation of language. Data Collection Process The process of data collection of the conversation between Priyanka Chopra and Jimmy Kimmel has been done profoundly and in detail. The data, from the conversation between Priyanka Chopra and Jimmy Kimmel has been processed and collected through recording. Recording was extremely required in this case because both the participants in this conversation are no non-descript or everyday people, but celebrated entertainers who mesmerizingly rule over the hearts and minds of millions of people worldwide (Suetake et al., 2013). The art of recording has provided us with the sources of variations in age, social status, gender, occupation, socioeconomic status, style, register, dialects and accents in the conversation style of the two speakers. This has further made the study in the language variations more fascinating and stimulating. Data Analysis and Discussions A detailed data analysis and discussion based on the parameters of age, social status, gender, occupation, socio-economic status, style, register, dialects and accents of the two speakers has been provided in this section. Age and social status:- Priyanka Chopra is born on the date of eighteen in the month of July in the year of 1982. The place of her birth is in the vibrant industrial city of Jamshedpur in the eastern state of Jharkhand in the country of India. She had an upper middle class upbringing with both her parents employed with the Indian Army as esteemed medical practitioners. Her social status has been ascribed from birth as privileged and fortunate. She had the pleasure to travel to different locations for her schooling and college education due to her parents transferable jobs with the Indian Army (Cosin, Freeman Hales, 2013). She even had the opportunity to study in America for a brief period of time. Later in her life, when she achieved supreme professional success, she reached to the pinnacles of glory, fame and prosperity. She has even ranked in the elite category of the worlds top 200 dynamic women in the publications of various magazines in the year 2017. Thereby, it can be said that Priyanka Chopra enjoy s a luxurious and fortunate social status. Jimmy Kimmel is born on the date of thirteen in the month of November in the year of 1967. The place of his birth is the lively city of Brooklyn in the eastern state of New York in the country of America. Mr. Kimmel also had an affluent upbringing with two of his siblings. His father was a respected executive of the famous American intercontinental organization- The International Business Machines Corporation (Scuotto, Ferraris Bresciani, 2016). His mother was a homemaker and had distant Italian noble heritage. Jimmy Kimmel had received his school and college education from the top schools and universities of the country. This factor could be attributed to his top familial connections with the well-known strata of the society and his brilliant merit. It can be said that Jimmy Kimmel also had an advantaged upbringing, which is comparable with the other participant of the conversation-Priyanka Chopra. Mr. Kimmel later found his calling in the comedy world of media and entertainment, w hich propelled him to envy inducing luxury and opulence. Therefore, it can be said that Jimmy Kimmel enjoys a remarkable social status. From the above analysis, it is lucid that the two entertainers are similar in their social status and style of upbringing albeit a difference of fourteen years in their lifetime or age. Gender:- Priyanka Chopra belongs to the female gender. Priyanka Chopra is a glorious example of 21st century female power, success and independence. Ms. Chopra hails from the developing country of India. India is located in the Southern part of the Asian continent. In the previous times, India was notorious due to the occurrences of various crimes and felonies regarding women empowerment. The Indian society was infamous for subjugating women and confining them to domestic imprisonment sans any societal participation and contribution. In this new era of feminization, India is taking the initiative to educate and strengthen their women so that they can be at par with their fellow male compatriots (Gangoli, 2016). In this aspect it can be said, that as a celebrated woman, Priyanka Chopra has personally made many valuable contributions for bringing attention to the burning issue of women emancipation and enfranchisement in India. Jimmy Kimmel, the other participant of the recorded conversation in English, belongs to the male gender. Mr. Kimmel is an American by birth; therefore, he symbolizes the American version of strong masculinity and perseverance. Mr. Jimmy Kimmel is multi-talented with explicit interests in sports and music. He has entertained his fans, occasionally in shows, playing the instrument of bass clarinet. From the above analysis, the fact is clarified that there is a difference in gender between the two participants of the recorded conversation in English. Occupation and socio-economic status:- Priyanka Chopra is a talented actress in the Indian film industry of Bollywood. Her occupation portfolio cites that she has successfully acted in a whopping number of fifty films. All her films are representations of various film genres such as comedy, horror, thriller, action, history, adventure and romance. Recently, she has earned appreciation and good acclaim for her acting performance in the American crime show-Quantico. This has enlarged her fan circle and fan forums, worldwide. Along with being an actress, Ms. Chopra is an established singer, benefactress as well as a film promoter. She enjoys multi facets in her occupation cycle. In terms of socio-economic status, Priyanka Chopra is counted as among the elitist and refined section of the society. Her fortune is estimated to be at nine million, including earnings from national and international sources. Simultaneously, Jimmy Kimmel is also a talented performer in the American industry of media and entertainment. Mr. Kimmels occupation portfolio includes work done in the mediums of film, radio and of course television. Television is the medium, which has taken and spread the name of Jimmy Kimmel to the household of millions of common Americans as well as to the faraway countries. The career span of Jimmy Kimmel has started from the year of 1989 and is still booming profusely, at present. Jimmy Kimmel is an actor, radio host, award show host, comedy performer as well as a visionary commentator of sports in the American national television (Hodge, 2014). Like Ms. Chopra, he is also a magnificent generalist in his occupational cycle. In terms of socio-economic status, Jimmy Kimmel is universally considered to be counted among the crme de la crme section of the society. His fortune is estimated to be at thirty five million dollar, including earnings from his business ventures as well as his acting endeavors. Style and Register Priyanka Chopra has applied coherent usage of lexicon and syntax in her conversational style. Ms. Chopra is a non-native speaker of English. However, she does not appear to be so in her conversational style. Ms. Chopra seems to be at ease and goes with the flow in the conversation in a graceful way (Crystal Davy, 2016). The manner in which she expresses her views are good to listen and facile to comprehend. Priyanka Chopra had also been strikingly informal in her speaking style. She shows a good sense of humor and appears cordial and humble. On the other hand, Mr. Kimmel also uses similar style as Ms. Chopra. Mr. Kimmel is a native speaker of English as it is his mother tongue. He is informal in his tone and style and makes the conversation easy going, fun and entertaining. In addition to this, it is clearly evident that Jimmy Kimmel has used intense vocabulary, grammar and structure in his conversational style. In his speaking style, Jimmy Kimmel had been remarkably friendly, gracious and affectionate. Overall, the style of conversation in the whole six-minute video is descriptively casual as well as intimate. This style of conversation suits the setting because the purpose of the show itself is to entertain the audience with light fun, humor and entertainment (Leech Svartvik, 2013). Dialects and Accents The usage of dialects and accents in any language makes it easy to identify the origin and the style of upbringing of a speaker. Ms. Priyanka Chopra speaks with a remarkable non-Indian accent of English. The Indians are known to be using their vernacular effect when they speak English (Sailaja, 2012). Any listener can easily sense the native tinted pronunciation in their spoken English style. Among the Indians, there are several variations in English spoken style. However, since, Ms. Chopra had few years of upbringing in the United States and also due to her experiences of work for a couple of years in America, there are no native tinge in her English. She speaks with beautiful, near to American style of English with correct informal grammar, which is very comprehensible, concise and coherent. The listener can understand clearly, as to what she says. Mr. Jimmy Kimmel, on the other hand speaks English with the perfect usage of American accents and dialects. The American style of English, which Mr. Kimmel speaks, is unique to the New York accent, which is possibly due to his upbringing. Mr. Kimmels use of English is complimented with non-rhoticity and unique style of shortening the vowels in sentences at the time of pronunciation of the words. The grammar used by Jimmy Kimmel is correct and informal. There are big variations between the dialects of the two speakers. The tone of the Indian speaker, Priyanka Chopra does not sound distinct, when she pronounces both v and w. Whereas, on the other hand, the American speaker, Jimmy Kimmel clearly sounds definite when he pronounces either v or w, for instance in words such as work or vow. Another fact which is worth mentionable here is that the differentiation in the pronunciation of th and d. Jimmy Kimmel pronounces both th and d differently with lucid emphasis. Contrastingly, Priyanka Chopra mixes up the pronunciation of th and d. It is cumbersome to differentiate between, for instance, say, day and brother in the tone of Priyanka Chopra. The American English can sound incoherent and rolling compared to the singsong style of Indian English (Trudgill Chambers, 2017). Therefore, there it can be said that there is a strong dialectal variation between the English of Priyanka Chopra and the English of Jimmy Kimmel. Conclusion In the conclusion, it can be stated that the above-recorded conversation has made a brilliant analytical study of language variations in English. The conversation style of Ms. Priyanka Chopra and Mr. Jimmy Kimmel has helped massively to understand the intricacies and complications of English language. Undoubtedly, English is a widely spoken language in the whole world. As a result, the art of English language has developed many variations in the style, register, dialects and accents all over the world. The Asians and the Africans have a distinct mode of speaking English with their unique tone, pronunciation and style. Similarly, the Latin Americans and the Europeans have formed their own version of English over the few decades of English popularization. In addition to this, the native speakers of English have their own style of speaking variations such as the British way differs from the Australian way and the Australian way differs from the Irish way. All these further make the lang uage, English, interesting to study and learn. References Algeo, J., Butcher, C. A. (2013).The origins and development of the English language. Cengage Learning. Bennington, M. (2013). Inside Bollywood.The Virginia Quarterly Review,89(1), 28. Biber, D., Conrad, S. (2014).Variation in English: Multi-dimensional studies. Routledge. Cosin, B., Freeman, L., Hales, M. (2013).Families, education and social differences. Routledge. Crystal, D. (2015). Encyclopedia of English Language. Crystal, D., Davy, D. (2016).Investigating english style. Routledge. Double, O. (2013).Getting the joke: The inner workings of stand-up comedy. AC Black. Gangoli, G. (2016).Indian feminisms: Law, patriarchies and violence in India. Routledge. Hodge, F. (2014).Yankee Theatre: The Image of America on the Stage, 18251850. University of Texas Press. Jackson II, R. L., Richardson, E. B. (Eds.). (2014).Understanding African American rhetoric: Classical origins to contemporary innovations. Routledge. Krassner, P. (2013).Who's to Say What's Obscene?: Politics, Culture, and Comedy in America Today. City Lights Publishers. Leech, G., Svartvik, J. (2013).A communicative grammar of English. Routledge. Pafford, A., Matusitz, J. (2017). ABCs Quantico: A critical discourse analysis of female superiority and racial stereotypes.Critical Studies in Television,12(3), 273-288. Pennycook, A. (2017).The cultural politics of English as an international language. Taylor Francis. Roberts, B. (2014).Pageants, Parlors, and Pretty Women: Race and Beauty in the Twentieth-century South. UNC Press Books. Sailaja, P. (2012). Indian English: Features and sociolinguistic aspects.Language and Linguistics Compass,6(6), 359-370. Scuotto, V., Ferraris, A., Bresciani, S. (2016). Internet of Things: Applications and challenges in smart cities: a case study of IBM smart city projects.Business Process Management Journal,22(2), 357-367. Suetake, F., Iwao, T., Ibuki, M., Kitano, Y. (2013).U.S. Patent No. D682,841. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Trudgill, P., Chambers, J. K. (2017).Dialects of English: Studies in grammatical variation. Routledge. Varia, K. (2012).Bollywood: Gods, glamour, and gossip. Columbia University Press.

Friday, November 29, 2019

Keeping Peace In The Future Essays - International Relations Theory

Keeping Peace In The Future In my opinion there are two main ways of securing peace in the up coming decades. The first way is that of a realist approach and a liberal one. In the eyes of a realist, national security can one hand only be reached by a destructive capability and the ability to intimidate anyone that defies or threatens national security. On the other, the realist will however not intervene if conflicts do not measure up with national interest. Either way, the realists believe this and this alone would maintain the peace for the future. The liberalists however believe that a more unified body with all peace-loving nations can be the best way of conflict management. They believe that any conflict in the world should be controlled before it can ever escalate in to a bigger one. To start of with the realists believe that a greater military body would create a balanced and therefor peaceful world. To achieve this the realists see possibilities of enlarging the power of NATO and other military, governmental organizations. To create more members and enlarging the firepower would in realistic eyes decrease countries to enter conflict. The liberalists find this a very poor argument. They find that with a possible expansion of NATO and increasing power of the organization that the third-world countries can be left out. Liberalists tend to think more in the format of the United Nations. They think with the Expansion of the Security Council, that global peace can be maintained in a more unified, universal manner. Also they believe that the General Assembly could increase in power and take a more serious role in international disputes and conflict resolving. By increasing this power it would call on a more responsible Secretary-General, and there as giving the United Nations as an inter-governmental body more strength, and possibly giving the world a better way of solutions. This in a realist approach is unacceptable. The unifying steps and the decreasing powers of states is not the solution for world peace. In fact they see this as a very big threat seeing that countries would be less cooperate. With this structure of the UN, it would also be much harder to strive for national interest. I believe in a combination of these two perspectives to be the key to global peace in the for coming decades and possibly centuries. If the UN would increase power, it would be vital that the United Nations would therefor create a separate body, a more secure military body that not only can be used for peace-keeping missions, but for offensive, defensive, humanitarian and finally collective security methods.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Initial Public Offering

Initial Public Offering Introduction Initial Public Offering (IPO) is one of the key ways through which companies raise capital to realize growth and development (Bragg, 2009). Companies normally raise capital by selling their equities to the public for the first time.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Initial Public Offering specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The result of such an initial selling of the company’s equity emanates in terms of increased capital and shareholders. Apple Inc. is an example of the corporations that went public to raise capital for their expansions and to be publicly traded. Apple Inc. Background Apple Inc. together with its subsidiaries produces a range of computerized products including personal computers, media devices, mobile communications as well as portable digital music players. In 2007, Apple Inc. became a publicly listed company with its stocks traded and quoted on NASDAQ, where it is well-known with the symbol AAPL (Apple Inc., 2010). Over the last five years, AAPL share prices have tremendously increased and are currently among the highly priced stocks in NASDAQ. The number of Apple Inc. equity holders has grown over the last four years of operation. AAPL returns on investments have grown from $1.5 million to over $600million dollars in the fiscal 2010. This was accompanied by an increase in the total global market share and constant growths in sales and revenue. By 2010, Apple Inc. net revenue was over $14 million which translated into $15.41 earnings per share, the highest earning within the security markets (Apple Inc., 2010). AAPL total shareholders’ equity grew to above $47 million with market capitalization of over $590 billion. Apple Inc. is a unique company in the technology industry because of the way it utilizes its technological capabilities to drive its growth and development (Apple Inc., 2010).Advertising Looking for case study on business eco nomics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Despite the competition in the technology industry, Apple is amongst the companies that have applied their innovative potential to remain top in the competitive edge. AAPL profits and sales volume have soured above its competitors because of its incessant introduction of new products to the market. Products like iPod, iPod and iTunes have facilitated Apple’s market share growth, resulting into revenue growth. Apple Inc. generated more capital in its IPO than any other company, after Ford-motor’s IPO in 1956. Apple IPO immediately created more millionaires than any firm in history and this was approximated to be around 300 (Apple Inc., 2010). During the launch of its Initial Public Offering of stock to the public investors, venture capitalist cashed out money yielding billions on their long-term capital gains. Going public immediately changed the corporation’s manag ement as Apple had to deal with increased number of shareholders and the requisite procedures that must be complied with. Though Apple raised the needed capital, IPO exposed the company into rigorous compliant measures and competitions (Padberg, 2007). For Apple to remain in the securities market, the company must comply with the SEC and accounting standards regulations which are very expensive. Even though IPO is one of the best ways to raise capital, it is a risky venture for a company to undertake (Beinecke 2002). Normally, the process requires well experienced underwriters who are able to correctly predict when to offer securities and the decisive prices. The procedure is usually a long process and may take several months before the actual date reached (Beinecke, 2002). Furthermore, it is often difficult to predict the behavior of stock on the initial trading day even in the future. The reason is that there is petite historical financial data that can be used to analyze the comp any. Conclusion Since Apple Inc. became public, it has remained a successful company. As indicated, Apple Inc. generated huge capital through its IPO as was predicted and the number of equity holders also increased.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Initial Public Offering specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The capital generated has led to the growth and development of Apple since it allowed the company to invest heavily on research and development. The securities market analysis indicates that Apple has a growth potential in the prospective years. References Apple Inc. (2010). Apple inc. 2010 annual report. Web. Beinecke, C. K. (2002). How to prepare an initial public offering. New York, NY: Practicing Law Institute. Bragg, S. M. (2009). Running a public company: From IPO to SEC Reporting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Padberg, H. (2007). Initial public offering (IPO) and theories of underpricing. Munich, Germany : GRIN Verlag.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Cultural Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cultural Studies - Essay Example Moreover, representation of a particular culture is also a point which has triggered much controversy among the intellectuals. In this context culture entails subjective disposition of an individual or an ethnic group from an external frame of reference. Cultural theorist Stuart Hall laid the foundation of cultural discourses in modern times. Throughout his illustrious career, Hall researched extensively on a number of socio-humanitarian issues, including representation, subjectivity and identity. This essay is going to answer four questions that are central to Stuart Hall’s cultural theories. 1. ‘Culture is itself a signifying practice and has its own determinate product: meaning’ (Hall). Discuss this understanding of culture and relate it to other ways of conceptualizing culture referred to throughout the course. Stuart Hall was the first theorist to hint at the correlation between etymological significance of discourse and culture. His steadfast denial of a pervasive ‘cultural superstructure’ (During 97) brought about a revolutionary change in the social science of language and its meaning. Hall terms language as ‘the medium for the production of meaning’ (Hall 30), which underscores the linguistic concept of the paradigmatic shift from the signifier to the signified. In other words, we need to keep aside the superficial meaning of language to gain a profound understanding of what lies within. As regards perceiving a particular culture in its entirety, it is not as important to consider the outward manifestations of the same as it is to understand the subliminal threads that bind it in a structural accord. Hall himself stresses on dissociation of meaning even within a specific cultural discourse as he endorses arrangement or order of things (30). What he simply con ceives is that nothing has a static meaning per se (Hall and Open University 19). Meaning is itself an

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

The effects of cigarette smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The effects of cigarette smoking - Essay Example The tar that sticks onto alveoli’s tender surface reduces its contact with the blood vessels. Continued tar accumulation leads to lung cancer and other problems such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. The hot smoke would cause an irritation on the tracheal and nasal passage tender linings causing throat inflammation. The over 4,000 harmful chemicals resulting from tobacco combustion clog the hair-like cilia occurring at the trachea and along the nasal passage, causing the loss of cilia’s fluidity. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC (2013), one cigarette has the potential of slowing down by 20 minutes the motion of cilia. This slowing down of cilia further inhibits the passage along of mucus which eventually clogs up along the trachea. Excessive mucus clogging causes smoker’s cough as the body tries to get rid of the mucus. Finally, the carbon monoxide released from smoking cigarettes, based on its higher affinity for hemoglobin than ox ygen, attaches to the hemoglobin in red blood cells. The increased carbon monoxide amount in the blood impairs the transfer of oxygen from the blood to cells, which could distort time perception, visualization and cognitive skills. There are alternate mechanisms of transporting carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) in the blood. Explain how smoking might lead to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood. On leaving the lungs, oxygen attaches to the hemoglobin occurring in red blood cells so as to be transported by blood. But according to Starr (2013), carbon monoxide, produced during cigarette smoking, has about 200 to 300 greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen hence greatly competes with oxygen for hemoglobin. The resultant increase in carbon monoxide concentration in the blood from the alveoli during cigarette smoking reduces blood oxygen levels. Additionally, the increased carbon monoxide levels impair oxygen from being released into the cells. The reaction of this carb on monoxide with the already minimal oxygen in the blood results in the release of carbon dioxide which consequently increases in concentration in the blood. Can smoking affect other organ systems of the body? Give specific examples and briefly explain your answer. Yes, smoking affects various organ systems of the body other than the respiratory system. By constricting blood vessels, particularly the arteries, and reducing oxygen supply in the circulatory system, cigarette smoking causes the heart to work harder in a compensatory effort. The nicotine which occurs in cigarette smoke, acting as a stimulant, increases the blood pressure and heart rate which could decrease blood flow through blood vessels. This could cause smokers to develop peripheral vascular disease. Cigarette smoking has also been associated with adverse effects on the reproductive system by CDC (2013). It leads to infertility, still births, pre-term delivery, sudden infant death syndrome and low birth weights. The carbon monoxide from cigarette smoke, which has a higher affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen, inhibits oxygen flow to the brain and could thus cause cognitive complications. Cigarette smoking also affects the digestive system by triggering a spike in stomach acids thus leading to chronic heartburn and even ulcers. The skin also gets affected by cigarette smoking. The tobacco smoke released into the environment

Monday, November 18, 2019

What has been Mendel's Contribution to Medicine Essay

What has been Mendel's Contribution to Medicine - Essay Example When these new genes are arranged in the chromosomes, there is possibility that they arrange in an order where two genes with opposing properties (like tall and short) may come to stay near each other, and these are known as alleles. It is being increasingly recognized that all human characters including diseases are determined by genes, and chromosomes are not identical, and they have specific locations for individual genes. Applying the same genetic principles, alleles in a chromosome locus or position may be held responsible since diseases are either expression of genetic reactions in the body or expression of environmental factors like bacteria or toxins on the human cells.Most human genetic disorders are determined by recessive allele. Presence of dominant and recessive alleles was first determined by Gregor Mendel. Normal alleles usually are dominant and mutant alleles, recessive. In this way, the chances of an offspring being affected by a disease can be predicted by the study of the alleles of the parents. This process has lead to the concept of genetic counseling; Medicine owes this to mendelian principles since genetic counseling is totally based upon mendelian genetics and probability rules. The development of this process involves analysis of fetal samples by amniocentesis in a pregnant mother (Audesirk, T. and Audesirk, G, 1996). Alkaptonuria is a genetic disorder where dysmetabolism is noticeable by discoloration of urine when exposed to air, and these children would have died prematurely with brain disorders. The gene therapy for this disease was easily discovered when it was found that this disease is... gene n."The Concise Oxford English Dictionary, Eleventh edition revised . Ed. Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson. Oxford University Press, 2006. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.British Council Delhi.29 April 2007

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Debates on “Standard of Care” in Research

Debates on â€Å"Standard of Care† in Research Current debates on â€Å"Standard of Care† in Research on Human subjects in the Developing World Zoheb Rafique INTRODUCTION: For sometimes now, medical and bioethics communities have been facing some of difficult and divisive issues regarding the ethics of the international research. These issues often get fuel, when the interventional research is conducted on the poor and vulnerable people in the poor developing countries. Normal term â€Å"Standard of the Care†, against which some of new interventions and inventions are tested in the medical research has not been adequately defined. This term is often usually taken to mean the â€Å"best proved treatment† for any of the condition under investigation in any of the trial. The debate regarding what constitutes a reasonable and fair standard of care for subjects in the developing countries and those who participate in the clinical trials has been aroused by the critics of the studies on transmission of HIV. Those critics also argued that the placebo controlled trials of the new regimens as to prevent the vertical transmission of the HIV were hi ghly unethical because of the reason that they included the placebo arm rather than â€Å"best proven treatment† which is available in the developed countries. While some of the commentators considered criticisms to be unbiased and associated with imperialistic attitudes. This debate made it very clear that high standards of the research plans to have not been comprehensively and adequately defined. Although there was some justified concern that the pressure from US food and the drug administration could â€Å"dilute† declaration of the Helsinki, and critics were also confident that whether a trial was ethical could be deduced from text of a declaration. But some declarations such as declaration of the Helsinki, that governing international research ethics are accepted like the constitutions and needing interpretation. Also assuming what is ethical, goes beyond merely following all the prescriptions and also requires some moral reasoning (1). In this article, I will di scuss and comment on various debates on standard of care in human research in the developing world. DISCUSSION Equal standards of medical care during research, reflecting equal respect for the dignity of subjects, could be taken to mean any one or a combination of several requirements. It is arbitrary and not justifiable to select only one of these, for example, which drugs are used to compare the standard of care in developed and developing countries. In context of some disputed studies on the issue of HIV transmission, the forced emphasis on some â€Å"best proven drugs† having greater considerations of whether those drug regimen can be safely applied in the different settings. Also little attention has been paid to fact there were so many differences between the pregnant women in the developing countries, and in countries where â€Å"best proven† treatment previously been established. The pregnant women in the developing countries present to the antenatal clinics at much later in the pregnancy than women in original studies; they are often malnourished and anemic, and they of ten live within some context in which the breast feeding having different implications for the newborn infants. Moreover, the advice don’t breast feed would then contradict years of the intensive education by WHO (World Health Organization). Also concerning use of the placebos, the approach than also been simplistic. A placebo arm is legal and justified in any trial requires some careful consideration of the potential benefits and harms in those specific contexts and they cannot be just simply deduced from any general declaration. And of course it is very necessary to acknowledge the fact that many of the placebo trials are often unethical because they are performed largely for the marketing purposes just to show that â€Å"me too† drugs, have effects and actions greater than those placebo, and rather than to study that they are better than the existing similar, often cheaper, drugs. Also not only should nothing to be done to make it easier to perform such trials, but also each and every effort can be made to reduce and decrease wasting time, money on the â€Å"promotional studies†. In these situations where there are some good reasons for the placebo controlled trials, those should be considered on the merits rather than to be precluded by any bluntly designed clause in the declaration. To protect the host communities from the exploitation, most of the commentators argue that the efforts to improve the health care in developing countries should never ever involve the research that uses and utilizes less than â€Å"Worldwide best† methods, and meaning best of methods available anywhere in this world. Most notably, paragraph 29 of the Declaration of Helsinki states: â€Å"The benefits, risks, burdens, and effectiveness of a new method should be tested against those of the best current prophylactic, diagnostic, and therapeutic methods†. The debate over the issue what standard of the care should be required for the individuals p articipating in the research trials typically focuses on the research conducted in the developing countries by the investigators from the developed countries. This focus makes some sense. Most of the clinical research is conducted by the investigators from the developed countries, and most of communities lacking the access to good health care are located in developing countries. Researchers from the developing countries can also exploit the host communities. And also the communities in the developed countries lack access to best methods available in the world, and increasing the potential of being exploited. Then a complete analysis, should also address the potential for exploitation and independent of nationality of investigators, and the geographic location of any study (2). When the Helsinki calls for â€Å"the best proven therapeutic method† than does it mean [A] â€Å"the best therapy which is available anywhere in world†? Or does it say [B] â€Å"the standard th at is applicable in that country in which drug trial is conducted†? Helsinki is not very clear about this. But I must say that [1] a detailed and careful analysis of document and also its history tells us that the best therapy standard was intended initially and primarily as the standard of medial practice. This conclusion yields another conclusion: that [2] â€Å"the best proven standard of therapy must necessarily be the standard which prevails in that country in which clinical trial is being carried out. In part, interpretations A and B often differ over what I call the question of relevant reference point. Also emphasizing this disagreement makes it appear as the dispute hinges on question of whose medical practice constitutes relevant medical practice. So, the sides of the debate are divided into the proponents of local standard of care and also the critics who often champion the global standard of care. Framing the debate as the question of relevant reference point, how ever, effectively obscures a more fundamental source of disagreement. To see this, consider a crucial assumption that lies behind following argument. It is sometimes claimed that (1) because content of the standard of care is often fixed by local reference point and (2) because the prevailing treatment for preventing the maternal-infant HIV transmission in those countries where short-course AZT trials were conducted was no treatment at all, that (3) use of the placebo does not fall below established standard of care. Also it is important to see, however, that in order for (3) to follow from (1) and (2), we have to adopt the local reference point for standard of care (3). The ethics of the placebo-controlled trials to prevent the perinatal transmission of the HIV infection in continents like Asia and Africa have been widely debated. Some critics have argued that it is very unethical to leave the patients untreated when the proven life-saving treatment and therapy is being used in oth er parts of the world. We note, that conduct of the placebo-controlled trials in any developed country which would be unethical in some other developed country, has evoked some of furor that surrounded HIV perinatal transmission trials. The patients on other hand can choose not to take part in the trials. Reluctance to participate in the trail may be greater when there is some placebo control and the patients are asked to delay and forgo known effective therapy, also large number of the patients regularly agrees to take part in the placebo-controlled trials of the new agents. The perceived scientific value of the trial can contribute to this decision. Although care must be taken to ensure that manipulation of such considerations (e.g., by exaggerating scientific importance of trial), it seems very reasonable to allow the potential study participants to balance these benefits against some potential risk of the participation in this trial (4). Some of the observers noted more than dec ade ago that the research was conducted in the developing countries without the concern for the adherence of international ethical principles regarding the human subject’s research contained in 1947 Nuremberg code and also in the 1964 Declaration of the Helsinki. This situation has not improved. As for example, two years back, Food and Drug Administration decided that the research studies submitted to it for the review purpose need no longer be bound by Declaration of Helsinki and they must follow only the industry-sponsored Guidelines for the good clinical practice also outlined by International conference on the Harmonization. What is the legal status of Nuremberg code and Declaration of the Helsinki? Are they old outdated ethical rules that the researchers might ignore with the impunity? The question remains open, but just as clinical trials attempting to interrupt mother-to-child transmission of HIV in mid-1990s gave rise to some continuing debate about the global standar ds of care and also benefit sharing, so another mid-1990s research trial in the continent Africa has brought the international research rules back to the center stage (5). In addition to discussing recent debate and concerning international HIV research, also we should focus on whether or not to randomized, as the controlled trials must be conducted for the researchers to learn about intervention’s efficacy. The choice of the study design is not between ethically questionable perfect trials that produce the complete knowledge versus the imperfect designs that produce no knowledge. Moreover designs, such as the observational studies, that resolve the certain ethical quandaries are not necessarily free of the other ethical problems. One problem is that these studies can provide only limited guidance for the public health policy. The other issue is of informed consent, which is one of corner-stones of the research ethics. The quality of the informed consent is compromised when t he potential patient participants believe, wrongly, that the medical care is contingent on their agreeing to participate in the research. Also it is important to emphasize the potential participants that neither their access to the medical care, nor quality of care they receive, will be affected in any of the respect by their decision. It is sometimes very difficult to clarify this separation of the research from the medical care; the potential participants can be made aware through the effective communication that the decision about the research has no implications for their medical interests. Some more challenging situation occurs when the potential participants rightly believe that the medical care is contingent on their agreeing to enroll in the research (6). CONCLUSION The concept of standard of care has prominently figured in the recent controversies over use of placebos in design of the randomized controlled trials conducted in United States and the developing countries as well as the control group selection in critical care RCTs conducted in the United States. The traditional understanding of standard of care to which the physicians are held responsible refers to the typical practice of physicians in professional community. To answer the clinically valuable questions, it is often necessary for the clinical trials to randomize the subjects to interventions that deviate from standard of care in the medical practice. Nevertheless, the control groups that represent standard of care are mostly required to promote clinical value of the randomized trials and also to protect the research subjects. In case of the critical care trials, question whether RCTs should include a control group raises some complex scientific and also ethical issues that call for the careful assessment and judgment (7). In conclusion it is stated that every medical research project involving human subjects should be preceded by careful assessment of predictable risks and burdens in comparison with foreseeable benefits to the subjects or to others. REFERENCES: Solomon R Benatar, Peter A Singer. A new look at international research ethics. BMJ. 2000; Vol. 321, 824-826. David Wendler Et Al. The Standard of Care Debate: Can Research in Developing Countries Be Both Ethical and Responsive to Those Countries’ Health Needs? American Journal of Public Health. 2004; Vol. 94, No. 6, 923-928. Alex John London. The Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying ‘Standard of Care’ Arguments in International Research. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy. 2000; Vol. 25, No. 4, 379-397. Susan S. Ellenberg, and Robert Temple. Placebo-Controlled Trials and Active-Control Trials in the Evaluation of New Treatments. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2000; Vol. 133, No. 6, 464-470. George J. Annas, J.D. Globalized Clinical Trials and Informed Consent. N ENGL J MED. 2009; 360; 20, 2050-2053. Ruth Faden, Nancy Kass. Editorial: HIV Research, Ethics, and the Developing World. American Journal of Public Health. 1998; Vol. 88, No. 4, 548- 550. Franklin G. Miller and Henry J. Silverman. The Ethical Relevance of the Standard of Care in the Design of Clinical Trials. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2004; Vol. 169, 562-564.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Cnidaria Essay -- essays research papers

Cnidaria is a large phylum composed of some of the most beautiful of all the salt and freshwater organisms: the true jellyfish, box jellyfish, coral and sea anemones, and hydra. Although Cnidaria is an incredibly diverse group of animals, there are several traits that link them together. Most cnidarians are dipoblastic, which means that they are composed of only two layers of cells. The outer layer is known as the ectoderm or epidermis, and the inner layer is known as the endoderm or gastrodermis. These layers contain the nerve nets that control the muscular and sensory functions of the animal. Between these layers is a jelly-like noncellular substance known as mesoglea, which in true jellyfish constitute the vast bulk of the animal (hence their common name). In other species, the mesoglea may be nearly absent. All cnidarians have a single opening into the body which acts as both the mouth and anus, taking in food and expelling waste. In most species the mouth is lined with tentacles which act to capture food. The mouth leads to a body cavity known as the coelenteron, where the food is digested. This body cavity has given this phylum its other, less commonly used, name of Coelenterata. Cnidarians have a complex life cycle that, depending on the species, may alternate between two forms. The first form is known as a polyp, which is sessile (anchored to one spot). The polyps are tubular in shape, with the mouth, often lined with tentacles, facing upwards. The bodies often con...

Monday, November 11, 2019

Is Classical Approach to Management Obsolete? Essay

Introduction Management is one of the most important parts contributing to the success of an organization. By understanding which managerial activities are actually effective, a manager could choose the best way appropriate for his application to his company. Many studies about classical school theories have been undertaken so far to examine the effective management approach. However, a major problem with the classical approach to management is human dimension ignored will result in inefficiencies (Anthony Boland, 2012). This essay will attempt to identify the weaknesses of dismissing human motivation and explain the important of it by using other experts’ advocacies. The analyses of classical theory Classical management approach is the first theory about management based on the experience of famous experts for engineer industry. While scientific management’s purposes are in justification and control of employees in the same method with a justification and control for machines by engineers (Sheldrake, 2000), human motivation is more needed in recent years, which is considered to be a vital part contributing to an organisation’s prosperity. In the view of scientific approach, workers were considered to be as akin to machines and with favour in larger production volume at whatever human cost (Sheldrake, 2000). This leads to the decline in attendance and the organisation’s performance. Satisfaction seems to be involved with motivation. Therefore, this managerial approach can lead to negative outcomes such as a decrease in how effectively they work a decline in efficient production and a higher absenteeism rate. In this case, demotivation may discourage creativity and innovation which are significant important factors that give rise to the company’s development. Kets de Vries  suggested that more choices for workers to choose freely, physiological needs and enjoyment needs were the emphasis of higher set of motivational needs, instead of being controlled by authorities of which they are unaware (Mullins, 2007). This will resulted in becoming the best-performance company where satisfaction of employees can be created by being a part of an organisation and as a member of a group not individual. Additionally, better ideas and decision making can be gained from the employees’ contributions (Marcouse, 2011). Notwithstanding, earlier theories written by F. W. Taylor highlighted â€Å"people work for only one reason: money† (Marcouse, 2011), Saunders pointed out that if people of long time ago preferred to be judged as high as their bonuses, recently, fulfilling their psychological needs were turning out to be valuable, such as holiday arrangement, job breaks and opportunity of flexible working hours and homeworking are now on the priority list (Mullins, 2007) Coclusion Although maintaining the focus on achieving the aims and prosperity is the most important aspect of the managerial activities which is defined in classical school (Sheldrake, 2000), this may be ineffective in other particular circumstances in which there is a need for high job satisfaction in more recent years. References Marcouse, I., Surridge, M. and Gillespie, A. (2011). Business Studies for A level. (4th ed). London: Dynamic Learning. Mullins, L.J. (2010). Management & Organisational Behaviour. (9th ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. Sheldrake, J. (2000). Management theory: from Taylorism to Japanization. London: Thomson Learning.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Disabled Person

Extreme sports are some special sport disciplines that only a small number of people in the world participate in. The reason for this are the special conditions under which the sports are done. Extreme sports are much more dangerous than ordinary sports. They are done in extreme conditions, for example in places that are remote and inaccessible, or in bad weather. There is a big risk of injury for the sportspeople. They often risk their lives if something goes wrong. However, this is exactly why some people find extreme sports so attractive Should extreme sports be banned as they put people s lives at riskExtreme sports have become popular in the last two decades. For may people practising them is the only way of living. For them the adrenaline is the most important thing in their lives and that s why they must try even more and more dangerous things. But, of course, that s not the only reason. Extreme sports are trendy and many people practise them just because of that fact. It s tr ue, that extreme sports, like bungee jumping, canyoning, rafting, ice climbing, snowboarding, surfing, parachute jumping, paragliding or mountaineering always bring a risk.Even if you are very good sportsman you must know that only one, small mistake can be very dangerous and can cause your death. Alhought many people die every year making extreme sports, the number of courageous is higher and higher. But its question of choice what are we doing in ours lives. For many people extreme sports are the only way of living. They have to feel adrenaline, they want to break their own records, they want to feel free. They usually say: there is a risk, there is a fun , but they know that they do it at one's peril.Extreme sports often are an escape from reality, from stress and from monotony. You don t have to think about your problems. You just think about yourself, you can relax, and prove that you can do things which are admired by other people. There is even a special TV channel- Extreme S ports , where everyone can watch amazing tricks, and crazy people who make that extreme sports are more and more popular in the world. But it s impossible to write what do the people feel during making extreme sports. You must try yourself to know how huge survival it is.And if you do it one time, it s very possible that you will do it often. But the question is if should extreme sports be banned as they put people s lives at risk And my answer is definitely not . As I said, It s question of our choices. If you want to fell more adrenaline than extreme sports are very good way. And even if the extreme sports were banned, people would do it still. Nowadays, the most popular sports have become insufficient. As a result people created some extraordinary sport disciplines and more and more people want to try them.I strongly believe that extreme sports should not be banned. First of all, people are free and anyone should not prohibit them practicing sports, even when they are extreme or dangerous. Only we can make decisions about our ourselves and our interests. If people do not hurt anybody by doing it, they will have a free rein in their choice. Moreover, extreme sports are generally believed to be a perfect solution to express emotions and energy. Some people love experiencing excitement and rush of adrenaline and they even need it.It is very beneficial, because it is a better way to work off steam than aggression or abusing and people do not lay anyone open to danger. Furthermore, extreme sports are a kind of entertainment. By practicing them, people can spend their spare time in an extraordinary way. They can discover new feelings and unforgettable moments, which will be kept in their memories for a long time. However, extreme sports are very dangerous. People, who practise them, not only hurt themselves, but also expose their lives to danger.They should realize that life is too short to lose it and it is too valuable to put it at risk. On the whole, I believe that extreme sports should not be banned. Although they are very risky and dangerous, people who decide to practise them know about their consequences. They have a free choice, which often gives them amazing experiences. Extreme sports have become popular in the last two decades. For may people practising them is the only way of living. For them the adrenaline is the most important thing in their lives and that’s why they must try even more and more dangerous things.But, of course, that’s not the only reason. Extreme sports are trendy and many people practise them just because of that fact. It’s true, that extreme sports, like bungee jumping, canyoning, rafting, ice climbing, snowboarding, surfing, parachute jumping, paragliding or mountaineering always bring a risk. Even if you are very good sportsman you must know that only one, small mistake can be very dangerous and can cause your death. Alhought many people die every year making extreme sports, the number of â€Å"courageous† is higher and higher.But its question of choice what are we doing in ours lives. For many people extreme sports are the only way of living. They have to feel adrenaline, they want to break their own records, they want to feel free. They usually say: â€Å"there is a risk, there is a fun†, but they know that they do it at one's peril. Extreme sports often are an escape from reality, from stress and from monotony. You don’t have to think about your problems. You just think about yourself, you can relax, and prove that you can do things which are admired by other people.There is even a special TV channel- â€Å"Extreme Sports†, where everyone can watch amazing tricks, and crazy people who make that extreme sports are more and more popular in the world. But it’s impossible to write what do the people feel during making extreme sports. You must try yourself to know how huge survival it is. And if you do it one time, it’s very possible that you will do it often. But the question is if â€Å"should extreme sports be banned as they put people’s lives at risk? † And my answer is â€Å"definitely not†. As I said, It’s question of our choices. If you want to fell more adrenaline than extreme sports are very good way.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Composing Topic Sentences Practice Exercises

Composing Topic Sentences Practice Exercises Commonly appearing at (or near) the beginning of a paragraph, a topic sentence expresses the main idea of a paragraph. What usually follows a topic sentence are a number of supporting sentences that develop the main idea with specific details. This exercise offers practice in creating topic sentences that will attract the interest of your readers. Each passage below is lacking a topic sentence but contains a series of sentences with specific examples of a single character trait: patiencea frightful imaginationa love of reading Your job is to complete each paragraph by creating an imaginative topic sentence that both identifies the particular character trait and creates enough interest to keep us reading. The possibilities, of course, are limitless. Nonetheless, when youre done, you may want to compare the topic sentences you have created with the ones originally composed by the student authors. 1. Patience For example, recently I began taking my two-year-old dog to obedience school. After four weeks of lessons and practice, she has learned to follow only three commandssit, stand, and lie downand even those she often gets confused. Frustrating (and costly) as this is, I continue to work with her every day. After dog school, my grandmother and I sometimes go grocery shopping. Inching along those aisles, elbowed by hundreds of fellow customers, backtracking to pick up forgotten items, and standing in the endless line at the checkout, I could easily grow frustrated and cranky. But through years of trying times, I have learned to keep my temper in check. Finally, after putting away the groceries, I might go out to a movie with my fiance, to whom I have been engaged for three years. Layoffs, extra jobs, and problems at home have forced us to postpone our wedding date several times. Still, my patience has enabled me to cancel and reschedule our wedding plans again and again without fuss, figh ts, or tears. 2. A Frightful Imagination For instance, when I was in kindergarten, I dreamed that my sister killed people with a television antenna and disposed of their bodies in the woods across the street from my house. For three weeks after that dream, I stayed with my grandparents until they finally convinced me that my sister was harmless. Not long afterward, my grandfather died, and that sparked new fears. I was so terrified that his ghost would visit me that I put two brooms across the doorway of my bedroom at night. Fortunately, my little trick worked. He never came back. More recently, I was terribly frightened after staying up late one night to watch The Ring. I lay awake until dawn clutching my cell phone, ready to ring 911 the moment that spooky little girl stepped out of my TV. Just thinking about it now gives me goosebumps. 3. Love of Reading When I was a young girl, I would make a tent out of my blankets and read Nancy Drew mysteries late into the night. I still read cereal boxes at the breakfast table, newspapers while I am stopped at red lights, and gossip magazines while waiting in line at the supermarket. In fact, Im a very talented reader. For example, Ive mastered the art of talking on the phone while simultaneously reading Dean Koontz or Stephen King. But what I read doesnt matter all that much. In a pinch, Ill read junk mail, an old warranty, a furniture tag (DO NOT REMOVE UNDER PENALTY OF LAW), or even, if Im extremely desperate, a chapter or two in a textbook. Example Topic Sentences My life may be a box full of frustrations, but learning how to overcome them has given me the gift of patience.My family is convinced that I inherited my imagination from Edgar Allan Poe.I envy you terribly because at this very moment youre doing what I have always loved doing more than anything else: youre  reading.

Monday, November 4, 2019

The Comfort Women of Nanking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Comfort Women of Nanking - Essay Example The arguments are based on the reasons that there are no definite evidences that link the Japanese government to the maintenance of brothels of comfort women during WWII. Aside from this, prostitutions and sex slaves were considered legal during that time. Although it is admitted based on records that there were about 200,000 comfort women and that they went through pains, disease, and humiliations, the Japanese were not solely to be blamed. Some of the women were prostitutes who volunteered and others were sold by their families. The concern of the government at that time was the needs of the military soldiers that prompted them to act accordingly. The comfort women kept silent about this for a while, but recently, there is a renewed interest globally of justifying the wrongdoings committed to them. Some groups ask for compensation, others ask for public apologies. Governments, more specifically Japan, responsible groups and politicians look at the issue, and weigh things whether to compensate or not. There has been great interest on the issue of compensation for comfort women for supposed rapes and hardships they went through during World War II. International women’s group as well as the affected countries pressure Japan to apologize and issue just compensation for these women as it is argued that this is the least thing that they could do to correct the damage on these women. These comfort women who are now on their eighties still believe that they deserve to be paid because of the agony they had experienced

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Career Action Plan and Self Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Career Action Plan and Self Reflection - Essay Example anagement Trainee before he/she can become a Department Manager, a Senior Department manager, an Assistant Store Manager, and finally a Store Manager (Primark, 2013a). To qualify as a Store Manager, the key competencies for the job includes hands-on experiences on how to manage a retail store outlet (i.e. sales floor, merchandising, cash office, stock room training, and HR management), good leadership skills, knowledge on health and safety issues, policies and procedures as well as consumer and employee legislations (Primark, 2013a). Considering the key competencies needed in becoming a Store Manager, this report will give me the opportunity to undergo the process of self-evaluation. Using the first report assignment as a basis of my self-evaluation, I will present a personal analysis, gap analysis, career action plan, and CV preparation in this report. Prior to conclusion, a self-reflection with regards to the development of my team working skills will be provided in details. Because of my past and current work experiences, I believe that I have strong skills, knowledge, and experiences not only when it comes to dealing with customer concerns but also in terms of managing people. Since August 2010 up to November 2011, I was working as a sales assistant in one of Nike’s retail store outlets in London. Working with this company has definitely taught me a lot about how the retail industry works. Since I used most of my time dealing with customers in trying to find out what exactly they need in a pair shoes, I realized that most of their choices are highly dependent not only on the quality of shoes but also in terms of its performance and fashion design. Between January 2011 up to August 2012, I was employed by FNOT Cars. With this company, I was able to enhance further my ability to deal with different customers each day. The fact that I was given the responsibility to assign tasks to some drivers somehow improves my leadership and communication skil ls. (See